Grinding machine



June 28, 1932. R. HERVIG GRINDING MACHINE l wwmmr w l? gig?. www 4 m, w um., .m d VWM. QM.. NN

. INVENTOR J? z cha Tal J/eZ/j BYWW June 28, 1932. R, HERVIG 1,865,251

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 5, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jun28,l93z. R HERVK; L86525 GRINDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 5, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR I Richard Jie TU zg.

ATTORNEYS June 28, 1932. R HERViG 1,865,251

GRINDNG MACHINE Filed Aug. 5, 1929- 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 mvENToR l fzchard, Herz/zj.

ATTORN EYS Patented June 28, 1932 Latein UNITED STATES PATENT OFFEQE;

I 4:RIIGHAlJI) HERVIG, OF BATTLE CREEK, MICHGAN, ASSIGNOR TO WILCOX-RICH COR- PORATION, A CORPORATION OF MCHIGAN GRINDING MACHINE Application filed August 5, 1929.

One objectof my invention is to provide a machine for grinding the stems and seats of internal combustion engine valves at one operation.

Another object of my invention is to provide a machine for grinding both the head and shank of internal combustion engine valves or like articles simultaneously.

Another object ofmy invention is to provide a machine of novel and simple construction for rotating an internal combustion engine valve about the axis of its stem during turning or grinding operations upon its head without the use of centers or chucks.

Another object of my invention is to pro- Vide a roll grinding mechanism of new and novel parts and arrangement operating upon the centerless grindingprinciple.

Another object of my invention is to pro- 2 `vide a mechanism operating upon the centerless grinding principle for rotating the parts about the desired axis while operations are performed thereon, and having an arrangement of `parts permitting convenient access tothe work with other tools during the rotation of the work.

With -these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the arrangement7 combination and construction of the various parts of my device, as described in the specification, claimed in my claims, and shown in the accompanyin g drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of my machine on line 1 1 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view thereof.

Fig. is an end elevation thereof.

Fig. l is a detailvof the side elevation of the work removing mechanism embodied in my machine.

Fig.v 5 is a detail of the front elevation of the wor-k removing mechanism embodied in my invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the detail shown in Fig. 5.

Fig? is fa detail plan partly in section taken on line 7 7 of Fig. 3 of the forward end of the machine kshowing the forward end of the work support.

Fig. 8 isa side elevation of the work sup- Serial No. 383,439.

port looking in the direction of the arrows 8 8 in Fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the work support taken on line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic plan of the mawith this particular type of work, but that i."

I claim all uses to which it may be put.

ln general, the machine described and shown in the drawings comprises a pair of cylinders or drums, one large and one small, and both being arranged for rotation, the small drum being designed and arranged to rotate within the larger and in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the larger drum. The internal surface of the larger drum is provided with a friction element, such as a hard rubber composition, and the exterior surface of the smaller drum is equipped with a grinding face if a grinding operation is to be performed, or with merely a friction face similar to the outer drum if it is desired merely to rotate the work. rjlhe cylinders are positioned with their surfaces in sufciently Close proximity to one another at one point to enable both of them to contact with a work piece such as the stem of an internal combustion engine valve. fr stationary work support is positioned between the surfaces of the cylinders adjacent their point of nearest approach. The contact of the oppositely rotating drums with the peripheral surface of the work causes the same to rotate about its own axis upon the work support. In order to feed the work transversely of the drums the axis of one drum7 preferably the larger, may be tilted in the vertical plane relative to the axis of the other drum. The machine may be utilized merely to rotate the stem of the valve while the seat is being ground or it may be equipped to grind the stem simultaneously with the seat grinding operation.

The specific construction and operation of the machine is as follows: Referring to Fig. 1, the numeral 10 indicates a base casting which is secured to a bed of a suitable supporting table or bench 5 Fig. 10; and in which is formed a horizontally extending bore 11. In this bore is suitably journaled a drive shaft 12. Keyed to and supported by the right end of the shaft 12 is the smaller drum 15. Secured and keyed to the intermediate portion of the shaft 12 and in an aperture formed in the casting 10 is a sprocket 16. The driving power is applied to the left end of the shaft 12 through a shaft 13 and coupling 14, and the source of power is not shown but may be a line shaft or direct connected motor. Positioned to the right of the casting 10 upon the bench or table support is the large drum support casting 20 which is provided with a groove 21 in its base adapted to slidably fit a tongue 21 and secured to the supporting bench or table. The groove and tongue extend in a direction at right angles to the line of the shaft 12. The casting 20 is in the general form of a ring supported on a fiat base as shown in Fig. 3. The internal periphery of the ring portion 22 of the casting 2O is provided with oppositely inclined bearing surfaces 23 and 24 which are separated by a central peripheral groove 25. Upon these bearing surfaces are supported the large drum 30 by means of circular bearing rings 31 and 32 which have oppositely inclined bearing surfaces, as shown, in contact with and corresponding to the oppositely inclined surfaces 23 and 24 of the supporting ring 22. The bearing ring 32 is regulated and held relative to the surface 24 of the ring support by means of the locking rings 36 and 37 which threadably engage the rear portion of the drum 30 and the outer bearing ring 31 abuts against the flange 30a on the outer' end of the drum 30. Fitted upon the central part of the large drum 30 and between the oppositely inclined bearing rings 31 and 32 is a gear 33 which is provided clearance of the stator ring 22 by the central groove 25. Secured to the upper portion of the ring 22 is a third cast-ing 40 in which is journalled al shaft 41 which extends beyond the left end of the casting 40 and is provided with a sprocket 42 in substantial alignment with the sprocket 16 on the shaft 12. The casting 40 also provides a housing for a gear 43 which is keyed to the shaft 41 and turns through an opening in the top of the ring 22 to mesh with the gear ring 33 secured around the large drum 30. A chain 45 extends between and around the sprocket 16 on the shaft 12 and the sprocket 42 on the shaft 41, and transmits power from the shaft 12 to the shaft 41.

A friction ring 50 of hard rubber compo sition or the like is secured to the inner periphery of the large drum 30 by means of a shouldered threaded ring 51, the drum 30 being provided with a counter-bored portion to receive the friction ring 50'. A grinding ring 60 is provided for the external periphery of the small drum 15 and is secured thereon by the-threaded shouldered ring 61. As shown, the smaller drum 5 is provided with a radial flange at its rear edge which interlocks with a notch in the edge of the rear portion of the grinding ring 50 and forms a stop therefor against Awhich itis secured by the threaded shouldered ring 61. The rings 50 and 60 may both be of the hard rubber composition if it is desired only to rotate the valve stem rather than to grind it. If it is desired to grind the stem or polish it, or otherwise work upon its surfacei'viththe drums, the rings 50 and GO may be made of a material suitable for the purpose. They may, if desired, be made of different materials, the ring 50 being of a friction material which will merely grip the stein and cause it to turn on its own axis toward the ring 60,l which may be of an abrading or grinding material to wear away the outside surface of the stem.

The work support and its details are shown in Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9. lt comprises an arcuate sheath for a part of the small drum 15, and has end portions and 71 by which it is supported. The rear end portion 71 is bored out and fits around the nose of the bearing for the shaft 12 to the rear of the drum 15, the forward end portion V7 0 is also bored'out and fits around a shouldered bushing 7 2 on the right end of shaft 12 in front of drum 15, a washer 73 and a nut 74 turned on the end of shaft 12 secure it and the bushing 72 in place. The right edge 76 of the arcuate portion provides the surface upon which the work or stem of the valve 100 is supported. rEhe cut away portion 77 provides room for the head of the valve. The' forward end portion 70 (Fig. 3) is provided with a spider portion 78 having an elongated slot 79 in the end thereof which is engaged by a bolt 30 secured in a bracket 81 which is secured to the supporting bench 5. A nut 82 is turned on the end of the bolt 8O and against the spider 7 S tovsecure the work support in adjusted position. rlhe work support is adjusted with the edge 76 in a plane slightly below and parallel to the horizontal plane passing through the center of the drum 15 so that the center of the valve stem will lie in thesame horizontal plane as the center of the drum 15. The work supporting surface 7 6 may be formed to lie in a. ,horizontal plane transversely or be inclined toward either of the drums as desired.

It will be observed that the arrangement of the means for rotating the drum 30 will cause it to rotate in a direction opposite to the rotation of the shaft 12 and the drum 15, and the gearing should be such that the small drum 15 rotates downwardly toward the work supporting surface 7 6 at a. substantially great- Nwith the head of the valve extended to the right of the ends of the drums 15 and 80 so that access may be had to the seat portion of the head by a seat grinding wheel 110 supported upon a spindle 111, which may beV moved toward and away from the work by any suitable and conventional means, and also driven by any suitable means. It will be noted that the edge of the cylinder is tapered toward its axis in order to provide convenient access to the head of the valve.

The use of the machine for rotating the valve during the grinding of the seat by the grinding wheel 110 makes it necessary to provide some means ef counteract-ing the tendency of the wheel 110 to pull the stem outwardly from its position between the cylinders. The preferable method is to tilt tie outer drum 30 slightly tothe left in the vertical plane as shown in Fig. 1 which will cause it to wipe across the valve stein obliquely toward the left. lf it is desired to feed work, such as plain rolls, entirely across the working faces of the drums the small cylinder may be provided with an outwardly tapered facing, i. e. the surfacing band may be tapered slightly toward the right end of the axis ef the drum 15, he shaft 12 should then be thrown slightly out cf parallel with the axis of the large cylinder 8O in the plane of their centers in order to bring the surface of the drum 15 int-o parallelism with the surface of the drum 30, thus the rear portion of the working' face of drum 15 would have a slightly greater surface speed than the front portion owing to the taper, and would tend to pass the work transversely of the working faces of the drums. The deviation of the shaft 12 from parallel is not suflicient in such a case to materially affect the operation of the driving chain 45.

Referring to Fig. 2, a. bearing 85 is provided in the casting 10 for a surface dressing device designated generally by the numeral 86. This device comprises a shaft portion 87 having longitudinal key-ways S8 formed in its left end portion and having a threaded aperture 89 in its left end through which eX- tends a threaded screw 90. rllhe left end portion of the screw 90 is mounted in a bearing 91 formed in the cast-ing 10, and has a hand wheel 92 secured to its outer end for manipulat-ing the screw 90 to move the shaft 87 longitudinally in its bearing. The right` end of the shaft 87 has a diamond pointed dressing tool 93 secured in a lateral aperture therein with its pointprojected toward the surface of the small cylinder 15. The set screws 94-95 are provided for adjusting and securing the dressing tool 93 in the shaft 87. A stud 96 is threadedly fitted in an aperture in the casting 10 leading to the bearing for the shaft 87, and has an end 9i' adapted to project into one of the key-ways 88 of the shaft 8'? and operates to prevent the shaft from turning in its bearing. rlhe shaft 87 may be turned in its bearing to present the dressing tool to the surface of the drum 30 by backing out the stud 96 so that its inner end will not engage in the key-way 88, and then turning the shaft 81 so that trie dressing element 93 is projected toward the surface of the drum 30. The stud 96 is then turned in until inner end engages another key-way 88 and thus secures the same in position.

The mechanism for shifting the large drum 30 relative to the small drum 15 and the work support, and for simultaneously ejecting the work, is shown in Figs, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. ln the left end of the base of the ring casting 2O are secured a pair of pins 120 and 121 which eX- tend through the ends of an apertured bracket 123 which is secured to the bench support 5. The coil springs 124 are positioned around the pins 120 and 121 and abut at one end against the bracket 123 and the other end against the nuts turned on the free ends of the pins 120 and 121. The springs 124 are tensioned by the nuts 125 to normally maintain the drum 30, which is carried by the casting 20, in operative position relative to the work support and the' small drum 15. Secured in the left side of the casting 2O in a bifurcated bracket 125 is a roller 12"? which is positioned above and between the pins 120 and 121. Secured to the bench support as shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6 and te the left of the casting 20 and between the pins 120 and 121 is a bearing member 130 in which is jeurnaled a shaft 131. Secured to the shaft 181 to the right of the bearing is a cam 132 with its face in opeative'contact with the roller 127. Secured to and projecting from the cam 132 is a lever 133, by means of which the cam may be manually rocked with the shaft 131 in the bearing 130 te force the casting 20, whc-h carries the large drum 30, to the right against the tension ef the springs 124.

Referring' to Fig. 2, adjacent the left end of the bench support 5 is positioned a trani-'- versely extending shaft 140 which extends beneath the shaft 12 and the dressing toel 8G. This shaft is journaled in suitable bearings mounted upon the bench support 5, one of which may be observed in the upper left hand corner of the Fig. 2, designated by the numeral 141. To the left end ot the shaft 140 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, is secured a crank member 142 which is connected with the hand lever 138 by means of a link 143. To the right end of the shaft 140 as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 is secured a biturcated crank member 144 which extends upwardly from the shaft 140 and to the spaced branches of which are pivotally secured the ends of arms 145, between the free ends of which is pivotally mounted a block 146 which is slidable on a rod 147. The rod 147 extends through an aperture in the right side of the casting 10 and to a point within the rear end of the drum 30 adjacent the inner end ol' the work rest 76. The rod 147 also extends to the rear and into a guide aperture in the casting 9 which supports the bearings tor the drive shaft 18. Slidably positioned on the rod 147 is a conical shaped member 148 which abuts against a washer member 149 which is pinnet to the rod 147 between the conical member 148 and the swiveled block 146. Also positioned around the rod 147 between the conical member 148 and the casting 9 is a. coil spri 150. Positioned upon the bench support 5 beneath the conical member 148 is a bifurcated bracket 155 (Fig. 4), between he ears or" which is pivotally secured a trip member 156 having a pivoted tripping lug 157 in its free end contacting with the rear side of the conical member 148. The tripping lug held in upright position relative to the member 156 by means of a coil spring 158. Pivotally secured to the intermediate portion ot b -f. .l l' 1r K l '1" l sf, t le mem el 15o is a rml 1,19 w nen nas onc end pivotally secured to a depending portion 160 of the crank member 144.

The operation of the ejecting mechanism is as follows: Vhen the lever 183 is rocked forwardly it will cause the shaft 140 and the crank member 144 to rock forwardly, thel by drawing the trip member rearwardly and forcing the conical member 148 rear wardly along the rod 147 against the compression on the spring 150. Y/Then the conical member 148 has been moved rearward' a predetermined distance, the trip lug will slip over the conical member 148. thus n permitting the spring 150 to expand and drive the member 148 forwardly against the member 149, thus forcing the end ot rod 147 against the end of a valve stem resting' upon the work rest 76. T he rearward movement of lever 138 will cause the swiveled block to bear against member 149 and move the rod rearwardly to its normal position. Thus. a manipulation of the lever 183 simultaneously moves the large cylinder 30 to the right relative to the work rest 76 and the drum 15 and causes the ejector mechanism to eject the work.

The machine comprising the present invention has the advantage ot enabling the stem grinding operation and the seat Orinding opera-tion to proceed simultaneously, and it makes possible the use oi ordinary forms of grinding wheels Jor the seat grinding operation which cannot be used in the auto matic machines now commonly used. Such machines require specia grindingstones of dillicult shapes, which are very e"pensive. 1t also occupies considerably less ce in the shop than the automatic maclfnes now in use and is considerably less expensive.

Formal changes may be made in the specitic embodiment of the invention described without departing Jfrom the spirit and substance of the broad invention, the scope ot which is commensurate with the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A mechanism for grinding the seats ot poppet valves comprising the combination of a sea-t grinding element and means for operating it, with a mechanism for rotating the valve about the major axis of the stem com prising a rotatable drum having an internal peripheral work actuating tace, a second rotatable drum eccentrically positioned within said first drum and having an external peripheral work actuating face, a work rest adapted to support a valve stem positioned transversely ot and between said work actuating tace adjacent the point where they most nearly approach each other, and abutment positioned adjacent the inner end of said work rest and forming a stop for the end of said valve stem, means for rotating one of said drums toward said work rest at a relatively high speed and for rotating the other drum away from said work rest at a relatively low speed, said seat grinding element being positioned to engage said valve during the rotation thereof by said drums and one of said drums being tilted transversely to the plane of said work rest to draw the valve stem inwardly of the drums and against said stop and counteract the pull of said seat grinding element.

2. A mechanism for grinding the seats of poppet valves comprising a combination or" a seat grinding element and means for operating it, with a mechanism tor rotating the valve about the major axis of the stem comprising a rotatable drum having an internal peripheral work actuating face, a second rotatable drum eccentrically positioned within said irst drum and having an external peripheral work actuating tace, a. work rest adapted to support a valve stem positioned transversely of and between said work actuating faces adjacent the point where they most nearly approach each other, an ejector mechanism providing a stop tor the end ot said valve stem adjacent the inner end of said work rest means tor rotating one of said drums toward said work rest at a relatively high speed and for rotating the other drum away from said work rest at a relatively low speed,

said seat grinding element being positioned to engage said valve during the rotation thereof by said drums, and means for moving one of said drums laterally relative to said work rest and for operating said ejector mechanism for ejecting said valve.

3. A machine for grinding the stems of poppet valves or like articles comprising a ro tatable drum having an internal peripheral work actuating face, a second drum eccentrically positioned within said first drum and having an external peripheral grinding face, a work rest positioned between and transversely of said working faces adjacent the point where they most nearly approach, means for rotating said lirst drum away from said work support at a relatively low speed and for rotating said second drum toward said work rest at a relatively high speed, means for ejecting work from between said drums, means for moving one of said drums laterally relative to said work support, and common means for simultaneously actuating both said work ej ecting and said drum shifting means.

4. A mechanism for grinding poppet valves comprising the combination of a seat grinding element and means for operating it, with a. centerless stem grinding mechanism comprising a pair of rotatable drums positioned one within and eccentrically of the other and having adjacent faces adapted to rotate and grind a valve stem, a work rest for a valve stem positioned between the working faces of said drums adjacent the point where they most nearly approach, an ejector mechanism providing a stop for the end of said valve stem adjacent the inner end of said work rest, means for rotating said first drum away from said work rest at a relatively low speed and for rotating said second drum toward said work rest at a relatively high speed, said seat grinding element being positioned to engage said valve during the rotation thereof by said drums, and means for displacing one of said drums relative to said work rest and for operating said ejector mechanism for ejecting said valve.

5. A centerless roll grinding machine comprising` a pair of rotatable drums positioned one within the other and having` adjacent peripheral working faces adapted to engage the stem of a poppet valve to finish the same, a valve stem rest positioned between said work ing faces adjacent the point where said working faces most nearly approach each other, means for rotating one of said drums toward the valve stem support at a relatively high speed and for rotating'the other drum away from said valve stem support at a relatively low speed and a grinding disc having an angular face mounted adjacent said rotatable drums for engaging the valve seat and means for rotating said disc.

6. A centerless roll grinding machine comprising a pair of rotatable drums positioned one within the other and having adjacent peripheral working faces adapted to engage the stem of a poppet valve to finish the same, a valve stem rest positioned between said working faces adjacent the point where said `working' faces most nearly approach each other, means for rotating one of said drums toward the valve stem support at a relatively high speed and for rotating the other drum away from said valve stem support at a relatively low speed, a grinding disc having an angular face mounted adjacent said rotatable drums for engaging the valve seat and means for rotating said disc, and means associated with said drums for urging the valve seat against said grinding disc.

7. A grinding machine comprising in combination a pair of movable grinding surfaces adapted to engage a valvestem therebetween to trim the same, a third grinding surface adapted to engage the valve seat surface to trim the same, and means associated with said two first mentioned grinding surfaces for normally urging said valve stem seat surface against said third grinding surface.

8. A grinding machine comprising in combination a pair of grinding surfaces adapted to engage a valve stein therebetween, means for moving said surfaces in opposite directions to rotate the valve stem, a third grind ing surface engaging the valve seat surface and means associated with said first mentioned grinding surfaces for drawing the valve stem in a direction which will draw the seat surface of the valve against said third mentioned grinding surfaces.

RICHARD HERVIG. 

